Industry Challenge: Hidden-Fault Risks in Vacuum Systems on Lithium-Battery Production Lines

The Critical Role of Vacuum Cups in Cell Handling and Electrode-Sheet Lamination

Every stage of lithium-battery manufacturing—from electrode coating, calendaring, and slitting to cell winding/stacking, electrolyte filling, and sealing—relies heavily on vacuum cups for precision handling and positioning.

During cell handling, the stability of the vacuum cup’s gripping force directly determines stacking alignment and module assembly tolerances. During electrode-sheet lamination, even minor fluctuations in vacuum pressure can cause electrode-sheet displacement, wrinkling, and even the risk of short circuits.

Key Pain Points

Traditional vacuum-system maintenance primarily relies on “regular inspections + corrective maintenance after failures”:

  • Regular inspections: Relying on visual checks or simple pressure tests makes it difficult to detect minor leaks, resulting in a high rate of missed faults.
  • Corrective maintenance after failures: Maintenance teams respond only after a fault occurs, leading to unplanned downtime and production interruptions. This makes it difficult to meet the lithium-battery industry’s requirements for high continuity and zero-defect manufacturing.
  • Lack of data-driven decision-making: Without historical trend analysis, spare-parts replacement is based on experience, while OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) remains low over the long term.

Festo AX Vacuum Insights: AI-Driven Predictive Maintenance for Vacuum Systems

Millisecond-Level Data Acquisition and Condition Monitoring

Through standard protocols such as MQTT, the Festo AX platform seamlessly connects to production-line PLCs and MES systems to collect the following key parameters in real time:

  • Vacuum generator operating status: Switching frequency, response time, and vacuum build-up rate
  • Vacuum-pressure curves: Real-time pressure values, fluctuation amplitude, and pressure-holding decay rate
  • Energy-consumption data: Compressed-air flow and power consumption required to maintain the vacuum
  • Environmental parameters: The impact of temperature and humidity on seal aging

All data is sampled at millisecond-level intervals and preprocessed through edge computing to ensure high-quality input for cloud-based AI models.

AI Health-Baseline Modeling and Abnormal-Trend Detection

The Festo AX Vacuum Insights application features deep-learning-based anomaly-detection algorithms. It can autonomously learn a “health baseline” model for each vacuum circuit and continuously compare real-time data against the baseline to accurately diagnose various types of anomalies, including:

  • Slow vacuum build-up
  • Minor leaks
  • Reduced pressure-holding capability
  • Worn vacuum cups

Intelligent Alerts and Predictive Maintenance Decisions

When the analysis indicates a potential failure risk, the system issues early warnings through an intuitive dashboard or mobile notifications and generates maintenance work orders. It clearly identifies the location and severity of the vacuum cup or generator experiencing performance degradation.

Maintenance teams can carry out targeted maintenance during scheduled downtime days or even weeks before a potential failure occurs, eliminating unexpected shutdowns during production.

Results in Practice: Quantifiable Return on Investment

More Than 20% Reduction in Unplanned Downtime

AI-driven predictive maintenance enables early warnings and proactive intervention for vacuum-system failures. It has reduced unplanned downtime at relevant workstations by more than 20%, effectively ensuring stable, continuous production and supporting output targets.

50%–60% Reduction in Maintenance Costs

By shifting from reactive repairs to planned maintenance, labor overtime and travel expenses associated with emergency repairs can be significantly reduced. Spare-parts management can also shift from “bulk stockpiling” to “precise, demand-based replacement,” with maintenance costs expected to decrease by 50%–60%.

Why Choose Festo AX?

A Century of Automation Expertise Combined with Industrial AI

Founded in 1925, Festo is a global leader in automation technology. Festo AX is not a generic data dashboard. Instead, it incorporates Festo’s decades of expertise in pneumatics and electric automation into AI models, enabling it to truly understand equipment, processes, and maintenance requirements.

Plug-and-Play Deployment with Compatibility Across Pneumatic Brands

No additional sensors are required. The solution can operate using data collected from existing PLCs. A single standard application is compatible with pneumatic components from all brands, significantly lowering the barriers to deployment.

A Complete Digital Loop from Equipment to Factory Level

Festo AX can be seamlessly integrated with Festo AX Smartenance, the maintenance management software, creating a complete digital operations and maintenance loop—from predictive maintenance at individual equipment level to digital maintenance management across the entire plant.

Start Your Predictive Maintenance Journey Today

Competition in the new energy industry has shifted from a “capacity race” to a competition focused on efficiency and yield. Festo AX is helping an increasing number of lithium-battery manufacturers transform unplanned downtime into scheduled downtime, hidden faults into predictable risks, and maintenance costs into controllable expenses.